Horizontal Initiatives - Natural Climate Solutions Fund

General Information
Name of horizontal initiative	Natural Climate Solutions Fund (NCSF)
Lead department	Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)
Federal partner departments	Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC)
Start date of the horizontal initiative	2021-22
End date of the horizontal initiative	2030-31^{Footnote 1}
Description of the horizontal initiative	Canada’s Natural Climate Solutions Fund (NCSF) is a horizontal initiative established to leverage the inherent ability of natural ecosystems to sequester carbon and reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. This initiative includes three separate but related programs: Natural Resources Canada’s (NRCan) 2 Billion Trees program, Environment and Climate Change Canada’s (ECCC) Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada’s (AAFC) Agricultural Climate Solutions. NRCan is the lead department for the Horizontal Initiative Framework, supported by ECCC and AAFC.
Governance structures	The Horizontal Initiative is governed by an ADM Oversight Committee that is chaired by the Assistant Deputy Minister (ADM) of the Canadian Forest Service, NRCan, and includes the ADM of the Canadian Wildlife Service, ECCC, and the ADM of Programs Branch, AAFC. The Oversight Committee is responsible for ensuring that the NCSF is properly managed, ensuring timely and accurate reporting, seeking conflict resolution, and liaising with the central agencies. A Director General Steering Committee chaired by NRCan, with representation from ECCC and AAFC, supports the Oversight Committee to guide effective and efficient implementation of the initiative, ensure coordination across the three departments, and ensure timely and accurate reporting on results and financial information. Additionally, there are three Director-level working groups, all chaired by NRCan with representation from ECCC and AAFC: Coordination Working Group – this group oversees approaches to improving coordination across the three departments. Indigenous Collaboration Working Group – this group ensures coordinated and effective approaches to work with Indigenous peoples in a way that reduces administrative burden and reflects the Government’s commitment to reconciliation, for example through extensive engagement and meaningful consultation with Indigenous peoples. Horizontal Reporting Working Group – this group ensures coordination on and fulfillment of the requirements of the horizontal reporting framework and results tracking. This working group may establish a sub-group to provide specific oversight on the reporting of GHG emission reductions and removals due to NCSF activities.
Total federal funding allocated (from start to end date) (dollars)	$5,499,584,795^{Footnote 2}
Total federal planned spending to date (dollars)	$1,598,267,607
Total federal actual spending to date (dollars)	$651,490,037
Date of last renewal of the horizontal initiative	Not applicable
Total federal funding allocated at the last renewal, and source of funding (dollars)	Not applicable
Additional federal funding received after the last renewal (dollars)	Not applicable
Total planned spending since the last renewal	Not applicable
Total actual spending since the last renewal	Not applicable
Fiscal year of planned completion of next evaluation	2025-2026, led by NRCan with support from ECCC and AAFC
Planning highlights	2025-26 Planning Highlights As lead department for the Natural Climate Solutions Fund (NCSF) Horizontal Initiative, Natural Resources Canada will continue to work with Environment and Climate Change Canada and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada to coordinate implementation and reporting on the three NCSF programs: 2 Billion Trees (2BT), Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund (NSCSF), and Agricultural Climate Solutions (ACS). Key planning highlights for 2025-26 include: Administer Grants & Contributions projects through directed and open calls for proposals for the three NCSF programs – the 2 Billion Trees program (NRCan), Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund (ECCC), and Agricultural Climate Solutions, including the On-Farm Climate Action Fund (AAFC). Manage contribution agreements, engage partners and stakeholders on natural climate solutions, and track and report results. Review, negotiate, and sign long-term, multi-year agreements for 2 Billion Trees via an ongoing call for proposals, including advancing agreements with provinces and territories. Implement the co-developed, distinctions-based Indigenous Funding Stream for 2 Billion Trees to support the full participation of Indigenous peoples in natural climate solutions. Continue the open call for applications for emission reductions projects through NSCSF, opening the call for projects starting in 2026-27. Continue engagement and capacity-building efforts for NSCSF to enhance knowledge sharing about current prospective emission reduction projects, foster collaboration, and disseminate new information on natural climate solutions. Advance scientific projects through NSCSF to strengthen the knowledge base on natural climate solutions in Canada. Through the Indigenous-led Natural Climate Solutions (ILNCS) stream of NSCSF, work with First Nations Partners to finalize contribution agreements until 2026-27 and support ongoing First Nations, Inuit and Métis-led initiatives through existing multi-year agreements. Engagement with Indigenous Partners through a distinctions-based approach will support planning for future calls for applications. A focus of the ILNCS stream will be on applications that measurably reduce GHG emissions while creating co-benefits. Through ACS, AAFC has implemented a multi-stream program to develop and implement farming practices to tackle climate change. By developing, evaluating, adopting, and surveying agricultural technologies and practices, ACS is focused on sequestering carbon, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and delivering environmental benefits on soil health, water quality, and biodiversity. In 2025-26, the work of the nationwide network of 14 living labs under the ACS Living Labs stream (a collaborative approach with producers, partners, and scientists) will continue to co-design and test beneficial management practices on producers’ land in support of this program’s objectives. The ACS On-Farm Climate Action Fund (OFCAF) stream, now extended until 2028, will continue to help producers adopt Beneficial Management Practices (BMPs) such as nitrogen management, cover cropping, and rotational grazing. In addition, a new process was introduced in 2024 to allow organizations to submit a proposal for potential coverage of other eligible BMPs under OFCAF.
Contact information	Susy Domenicano A/Executive Director, Natural Climate Solutions Division, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada 580 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0E6 613-859-1202 susy.domenicano@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca

Shared outcomes:

Horizontal initiative framework: departmental funding by theme (dollars) ^{Footnote 3}
Natural Climate Solutions Fund (NCSF)	T1: 2 Billion Trees (2BT)	T2: Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund (NSCSF)	T3: Agricultural Climate Solutions (ACS)	Internal Services
Shared outcome(s)	Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through planting 2 billion incremental trees while achieving environmental and human wellbeing co-benefits	Reduce GHG emissions in Canada by conserving, restoring and improving the management of ecosystems while achieving biodiversity and human wellbeing co-benefits	Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through climate smart ecosystems. Increase land area supporting reduced GHG emissions. Reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Canadian agriculture sector
Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)	$3,199,392,648			$10,099,426
Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC)		$1,411,092,147		$27,074,434
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC)			ACS – Living Labs: $185,000,000 over ten years (2021-22 to 2030-31) ACS – OFCAF: $704,100,000 over seven years (2021-22 to 2027-28)	ACS – Living Labs: $6,284,033 ACS – OFCAF: $15,880,219 Total: $22,164,252
Total	$3,199,392,648	$1,411,092,147	$889,100,000	$59,338,112

Performance Information^{Footnote 4}

Name of horizontal initiative: Natural Climate Solutions Fund

Total federal funding allocated (dollars): $5,499,584,795

2025-26 Planned spending (dollars): $648,013,332

Horizontal Initiative Overview
Horizontal initiative shared outcome(s)	Performance indicator(s)	Target(s)	Date to achieve target
Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through natural climate solutions	Annual GHG emission reductions through NCSF	Annually increasing emissions reductions, reaching 7-10 megatonnes (Mt) CO2e per year by 2030	March 31, 2031 (final results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
	Projected long-term (2050) GHG emission reductions through NCSF	Projected emission reduction of 16-20 megatonnes (Mt) CO2e per year by 2050	March 31, 2031 (final results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
Achieve environmental co-benefits through natural climate solutions	Cumulative total land area restored through NCSF	Annually increasing, with interim target TBD by March 31, 2025^{Footnote 5}; final target of 1.32 Mha restored	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
	Cumulative total land area under improved management through NCSF	Annually increasing, with interim target TBD by March 31, 2025; final target of 0.2-0.36 Mha under improved management
Achieve human well being co-benefits through natural climate solutions	Number of aggregate direct jobs created through NCSF	2285-2771 people directly employed each year	Annual, starting in 2024

Theme 1 Details^{Footnote 6}

Name of theme: 2 Billion Trees

Total federal funding allocated (dollars): $3,199,392,648

2025-26 Planned spending (dollars): $375,184,341

Theme outcome(s)	Theme performance indicator(s)	Theme target(s)	Date to achieve theme target
Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through planting 2 billion incremental trees	Cumulative total number of incremental trees planted	Annually increasing, reaching cumulative total of 2 billion trees^{Footnote 7}	March 31, 2031
	Cumulative total area planted with incremental trees	Annually increasing, reaching cumulative total of 1.1 million hectares	March 31, 2031
	Annual GHG emission reductions	Annually increasing emission reductions, reaching up to 2 megatonnes (Mt) CO2e per year by 2030	March 31, 2031 (final results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
	Projected long-term (2050) GHG emission reductions	Projected emission reduction of up to 11-12 megatonnes (Mt) CO2e per year by 2050	March 31, 2031 (final results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
Achieve environmental co-benefits through tree planting	Cumulative total area planted that contributes to forest habitat restoration for species at risk and other species of interest	Annually increasing, reaching cumulative total of 70,000-90,000 hectares (target to be confirmed by March 31, 2025)	March 31, 2031
Achieve environmental co-benefits through tree planting	Cumulative total area planted that contributes to increased forest resilience to climate change	Annually increasing, with final target to be determined by March 31, 2025	March 31, 2031
Achieve human wellbeing co-benefits through tree planting	Number of aggregate direct, indirect and induced jobs created	3600-4300 people employed each year due to 2BT, starting in 2024	Annual, starting in 2024
	Percent of large (500+ FTEs) and medium (100-499 FTEs) organization funding recipients that have Diversity and Inclusion Plans	Annually increasing, with 100% of large and medium organization funding recipients having Diversity and Inclusion Plans by March 31, 2031	March 31, 2031
	Percent of under-represented groups in the tree planting and related activity workforce of large and medium organization funding recipients	Annually increasing; final targets of: 45% women, 9% immigrants, 6% visible minorities, 3% Indigenous women in tree planting and related activity workforce supported by 2BT	March 31, 2031

Theme 1 Horizontal Initiative Activities^{Footnote 8}

Departments: Natural Resources Canada

Link to department’s Program Inventory : Forest Climate Change Program
Horizontal initiative activity	Total federal funding allocated to each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	2025-26 Planned spending for each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	Horizontal initiative activity expected result(s)	Horizontal initiative activity performance indicator(s)	Horizontal initiative activity target(s)	Date to achieve horizontal initiative activity target
2BT Activity 1: Provinces /Territories (PT) stream	$1,350,000,000	$159,219,269	PTs increase incremental tree planting	Cumulative total number of incremental trees planted through PT stream	Annually increasing; interim target TBD by March 31, 2025 final target of 1.16 - 1.19 billion trees	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Private Land stream	$660,000,000	$77,840,532	Incremental tree planting on private lands is increased	Cumulative total number of incremental trees planted on private lands through stream	Annually increasing; interim target TBD by March 31, 2025; final target more then 500 million trees	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Private Land stream	$660,000,000	$77,840,532	Incremental tree planting on private lands is increased	Number of landowners supported through Private Land stream	Interim and final targets TBD by March 31, 2025	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Urban Land stream	$500,000,000	$58,970,100	Community-led initiatives for urban tree planting and management across Canada are increased	Cumulative total number of incremental trees planted in urban environments	Annually increasing; interim target TBD by March 31, 2025; final target 5-7 million trees	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Urban Land stream	$500,000,000	$58,970,100		Number of communities supported through Urban Land stream	Interim and final targets TBD by March 31, 2025	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Indigenous stream	$500,000,000	$58,970,100	Indigenous-led initiatives for tree planting across Canada are increased	Cumulative total number of incremental trees planted through Indigenous stream	Annually increasing; final target 180 million trees	March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Indigenous stream	$500,000,000	$58,970,100		Number of Indigenous organizations supported	Interim and final targets TBD by March 31, 2025	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 1: Federal Land stream	$50,000,000	$5,970,743	Federal departments and agencies increase incremental tree planting	Cumulative total number of incremental trees planted through Federal Land stream	Annually increasing; interim and final targets TBD by March 31, 2025	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 2: Estimate and report on GHG impacts - New	$25,000,000	$2,574,388	2BT reports on annual GHG impacts	Production of GHG emissions estimates for 2BT-supported mitigation activities for Canada’s GHG National Inventory Report	Estimates produced annually	Annual, starting March 31, 2024
2BT Activity 2: Estimate and report on GHG impacts - Existing	$19,884,439	$1,990,359	2BT reports on annual GHG impacts		Estimates produced annually	Annual, starting March 31, 2024
2BT Activity 3: NRCan research to improve 2BT outcomes - New	$7,200,000	$741,424	NRCan research related to tree planting and carbon sequestration and monitoring is enhanced	Cumulative total number of scientific/ technical articles and reports published by NRCan supported through the stream	Annually increasing; interim and final target TBD by March 31, 2025	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031
2BT Activity 3: NRCan research to improve 2BT outcomes - Existing	$11,961,506	$1,197,303

**Theme 1 Other Administrative Costs**^{Footnote 9}
Departments	Link to department’s Program Inventory	Horizontal initiative activity (activities)	Total federal funding allocated to each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	2025-26 Planned spending for each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)
NRCan	Forest Climate Change Program	2BT Other Costs – Support for Activity 1	$50,447,990	$5,194,908
		2BT Other 2BT Costs – Capital	$4,300,000	$400,000
		2BT Other Costs – Other	$9,598,092	$957,383
		2BT Other Costs – Other Existing	$901,195	$90,216

Theme 2 Details^{Footnote 10}

Name of theme: Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund

Total federal theme funding allocated (dollars): $1,411,092,147

2025-26 Federal theme planned spending (dollars): $159,886,319

Theme outcome(s)	Theme performance indicator(s)	Theme target(s)	Date to achieve theme target
Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through NSCSF	Annual GHG emission reductions (Mt)	Annually increasing emission reductions, reaching 5-7 megatonnes (Mt) CO2e per year	March 31, 2031 (results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through NSCSF	Projected long-term (2050) GHG emission reductions	Projected emission reduction of 5-7 megatonnes (Mt) CO2e per year by 2050	March 31, 2031 (results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
Land area supporting reduced GHG emissions is increased	Cumulative total area restored	Annually increasing, reaching a cumulative total of 0.22 Mha of area restored	March 31, 2031
Land area supporting reduced GHG emissions is increased	Cumulative total area under improved management	Annually increasing, reaching cumulative total of 0.06-0.16 Mha of area under improved management	March 31, 2031
Achieve human wellbeing co-benefits through climate smart activities	Number of direct jobs	41 direct jobs in 2021, 55 in 2022, 10-year target of 1626-2717 jobs; 185-271 people directly employed each year due to NSCSF, starting in 2025 (to be confirmed by March 31, 2025)	Annual, starting in 2023
Achieve human wellbeing co-benefits through climate smart activities	Percentage of under-represented groups in the climate smart and related activity workforce of funding recipients	Annually increasing; final targets of 28% immigrants, 30% visible minorities, 7.5% Indigenous peoples, with at least 1/4 of them Indigenous women, in climate smart and related activity workforce supported by NSCSF	March 31, 2031

Theme 2 Horizontal Initiative Activities^{Footnote 11}

Departments: ECCC

Link to department’s Program Inventory: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation; Habitat Conservation and Protection

Horizontal initiative activity	Total federal funding allocated to each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	2025-26 Planned spending for each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	Horizontal initiative activity expected result(s)	Horizontal initiative activity performance indicator(s)	Horizontal initiative activity target(s)	Date to achieve horizontal initiative activity target
NSCSF Strategy 1: Science for Initiative Delivery and Accountability	$155,747,194	$23,501,838	Improved methodologies in the land sector of the GHG National Inventory Report (NIR)	Number of methodological improvements for the land sector implemented in each annual edition of the NIR, i.e., Scientific publications and reports supporting, refining, and/or validating inventory methodological accuracy	12 documented studies resulting in improvement or validations of inventory methodologies	March 31, 2031
NSCSF Strategy 2: Emission Reduction Activities	$1,155,264,257	$123,724,156	Partners carry out natural climate solutions	Total area stewarded for GHG mitigation	0.28-0.38 Mha	March 31, 2031
				Total area secured for GHG mitigation	0.046-0.156 Mha^{Footnote 12}	March 31, 2031
				Net change in policies driving ecosystem conversion relative to the land-base	Positive policy trend in “policy-hectares”	Interim target by March 31, 2026; final target by March 31, 2031; Reported at least twice during the initiative
				Annual GHG emission reductions (Mt)	TBD by March 31, 2025	Final target by March 31, 2031 (reported in 2032-33)
				Number of Indigenous-led projects supported	Final target to be set by March 31, 2025	Annual, starting in 2022-23. Final target by 2031.
NSCSF Strategy 3: Indigenous-led Natural Climate Solutions	$100,080,696	$12,660,325	Indigenous partners are engaged in climate smart ecosystems	Number of Indigenous-led projects supported	Increasing number of projects up to a total of 60 projects having been supported by 2030-31	Annual, starting in 2022-23. Final target by 2031.
NSCSF Strategy 3: Indigenous-led Natural Climate Solutions	$100,080,696	$12,660,325	Indigenous partners are engaged in climate smart ecosystems	Percentage of Indigenous-led projects that contribute to GHG emission reductions	60% by 2030-31	Annual. Baseline is 10% 2023-24. Final target by 2030-31.

Theme 3 Details^{Footnote 13}

Name of theme: Agricultural Climate Solutions

Total federal theme funding allocated (dollars): $889,100,000

2025-26 Federal theme planned spending (dollars): $148,942,672

Theme outcome(s)	Theme performance indicator(s)	Theme target(s)	Date to achieve theme target^{Footnote 14}
Reduce GHG emissions in Canada through climate smart ecosystems	Annual GHG emission reductions in 2030 (Mt)	Annually increasing emission reductions, reaching 0.2-1.78 megatonnes (Mt) CO₂e per year	March 31, 2031 (results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
	Projected long-term (2050) GHG emission reductions	Projected emission reduction of 0.2-1.78 megatonnes (Mt) CO₂e per year by 2050	March 31, 2031 (results to be reported in 2032-33 Departmental Results Report)
Land area supporting reduced GHG emissions is increased	Cumulative total area under improved management	Annually increasing, reaching cumulative total of 0.14-0.2 Mha under improved management	March 31, 2031

Theme 3 Horizontal Initiative Activities

Departments: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Link to department’s Program Inventory: Environment and Climate Change Programs

Horizontal initiative activity (activities)	Total federal funding allocated to each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	2025-26 Planned spending for each horizontal initiative activity (dollars)	Horizontal initiative activity expected result(s)	Horizontal initiative activity performance indicator(s)	Horizontal initiative activity target(s)	Date to achieve horizontal initiative activity target
Establishment of a pan-Canadian wide network of Living Labs	$185,000,000	$25,017,163	Establishment of partnerships to encourage diversity in engagement and participation in co-development	Number of partnerships established, including breakdown for under-represented groups	Preliminary analysis projects a target of 900 partnerships, based on the current data (target to be updated by March 31, 2025, pending 2023-24 data)^{Footnote 15}	March 31, 2031
			Producers’ adoption of carbon sequestering BMPs is increased	Percentage of farms adopting carbon sequestering BMPs in priority locations	TBD by March 31, 2025	March 31, 2031
			Sequestration of GHGs on Canadian agricultural lands is increased	Increase in annual Land Sector GHG sink due to ACS by March 31, 2031	0.2-1.78 MtCO₂e	March 31, 2031
Data strategy allowing for reporting of carbon sequestration and environmental co-benefits			Incorporation of targeted farm practices into Canada’s GHG National Inventory Report (NIR)	Number of additional farm practices that are included in Canada’s NIR	Incorporate the following by 2026 NIR: Conservation Tillage, Summer Fallow and Perennial/ Annual Crop Mix; Cover Cropping, Crop Rotations, Fertilizer Use, and Small Scale Features (shelterbelts, etc.)	March 31, 2031
On-Farm Climate Action Fund^{Footnote 16}	$704,100,000	$123,925,509	Increased adoption of beneficial management practices (fertilizer and nitrogen management, cover cropping, and rotational grazing)	Cumulative total land area under improved management	Annually increasing; preliminary analysis projects a target of 3.9 million acres (1.6 million hectares) (target to be updated by March 31, 2025 pending 2023-24 data)^{Footnote 17}	March 31, 2028
On-Farm Climate Action Fund^{Footnote 16}	$704,100,000	$123,925,509	Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are reduced in the Canadian agriculture sector	Projected carbon sequestered in agricultural soils to 2030 due to adoption of BMPs in two areas: through adoption of cover crop BMPs through adoption of rotational grazing BMPs GHG emissions reduction projected to 2030 due to adoption of BMPs in two areas: through adoption of improved fertilizer/nitrogen management BMPs through adoption of cover crop BMPs	Annually increasing; preliminary analysis projects a target of up to 2.88 Megatonnes (Mts) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) of GHG emissions by 2028 (target to be updated by March 31, 2025 pending 2023-24 data)^{Footnote 18}	March 31, 2028

Internal Services (IS)
Theme (Federal Organization)	Total federal funding allocated (dollars)	2025-26 Total federal planned spending (dollars)
2 Billion Trees (NRCan)	$10,099,426	$1,067,618
Nature Smart Climate Solutions (ECCC)	$27,074,434	$3,034,638
Agricultural Climate Solutions (AAFC)	ACS – Living Labs: $6,284,033 ACS – OFCAF: $15,880,219 TOTAL: $22,164,252	ACS – Living Labs: $826,052 ACS – OFCAF: $2,641,811 TOTAL: $3,467,863
Total	$59,338,112	$7,570,119

Total Spending, All Themes
Theme	Total federal funding allocated (dollars)	2025-26 Total federal planned spending (dollars)
2 Billion Trees	$3,199,392,648	$375,184,341
Nature Smart Climate Solutions	$1,411,092,147	$159,886,319
Agricultural Climate Solutions	ACS – Living Labs: $185,000,000 ACS – OFCAF: $704,100,000 TOTAL: $889,100,000	ACS – Living Labs: $25,017,163 ACS – OFCAF: $123,925,509 TOTAL: $ 148,942,672
Total	$5,499,584,795	$684,013,332

Footnotes

Footnote 1

AAFC’s On-Farm Climate Action Fund (OFCAF) stream is seven years (2021-22 to 2027-28). Funding allocated in Budget 2022 to expand ECCC’s Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund is five years (2022-23 to 2026-27).

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Footnote 2

Total federal funding includes AAFC’s ACS-OFCAF program, which will be reported through the NCSF Horizontal Initiative, and additional funding allocated in Budget 2022 to expand ECCC’s Nature Smart Climate Solutions Fund.

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Footnote 3

Financial information presented under each theme represents the total federal funding allocated to each theme for all applicable fiscal years. The financial information includes all funding related to that theme, new and existing.

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Footnote 4

Financial information represents the total federal funding allocated to the Horizontal Initiative for all applicable fiscal years and planned spending for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The financial information includes all funding related to that outcome, new and existing.

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Footnote 5

The deadline for finalizing the remaining final targets for horizontal and program indicators was moved to March 31, 2025. This adjusted deadline corresponds with the timeline provided in the Management Action Plan following the Commission for Environment and Sustainable Development’s (CESD) Forest and Climate Change Audit released on April 20, 2023, and would account for potential changes to NCSF programs within the context of the CESD Audit response. This footnote applies to all instances where the deadline to develop missing interim and final targets was changed from March 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

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Footnote 6

Financial information represents the total federal funding allocated to the 2BT program for all applicable fiscal years, and planned spending for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The financial information includes all funding related to that theme, new and existing.

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Footnote 7

The Government of Canada has committed to planting 2 billion incremental trees over ten years, with the 2 Billion Trees program funding the majority of planting towards this commitment.

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Footnote 8

Financial information represents the total federal funding allocated to each activity (and stream, for Activity 1) for all applicable fiscal years, and planned spending for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The financial information includes all funding related to that activity, new and existing.

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Footnote 9

This represents other operational costs associated with managing and implementing the 2 Billion Trees program.

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Footnote 10

Financial information represents the total federal funding for all applicable fiscal years and planned spending for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The financial information includes all funding related to that activity, new and existing.

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Footnote 11

Financial information represents the total federal funding allocated to each activity for all applicable fiscal years, and planned spending for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The financial information includes all funding related to that activity, new and existing.

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Footnote 12

Target value has been updated based on revised calculation.

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Footnote 13

Financial information represents the total federal funding for all applicable fiscal years, and planned spending for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The financial information includes all funding related to that activity, new and existing, and includes funding allocated to Public Works and Government Services Canada and Shared Services Canada.

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Footnote 14

Because the requirement to begin reporting on each indicator varies, not all indicators will have results each year.

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Footnote 15

Edits made to the target due to the program expansion. The target is still preliminary and will be updated once more data are available by March 2025.

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Footnote 16

The On-Farm Climate Action Fund (OFCAF) is a $670M, seven year (2021-22 to 2027-28) Stream of the Agricultural Climate Solutions Program that was established in response to a Budget 2021 commitment. Therefore, program reporting for the duration of OFCAF will align with the horizontal results framework of the NCSF.

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Footnote 17

Edits made to the target due to the program expansion. The target is still preliminary and will be updated once more data are available by March 2025.

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Footnote 18

Edits made to the target due to the program expansion. The target is still preliminary and will be updated once more data are available by March 2025.

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Horizontal Initiatives - Natural Climate Solutions Fund